Injection nozzle



A. WINTON Y INJECTION 'OZZLE4 Filed AprilV 16, 1928 Mug 4 Feb. 3, Y I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALEXANDER WINTON, OF LAKEWOOD, OHIOINJECTION NOZZLE Application illed April 16,

This invention relates to fuel injection nozzles for hydrocarbon motorsof the solid fuel injection type.

Particularly in small sizes of such en ines,

the mechanical problems involved in orming nozzle injection openings ofsuitably small size and accuracy are very considerable.

An object of my invention is a nozzle design-wherein the injectionopening area thereof may be as small as desired and yet very accuratelyand comparatively easily produced. f

More specifically, instead of attempting to provide the usual minutecylindrical opening i5 as by means of a jewelers drill or needle, Iprovide a relatively larger opening as-with a drill of sufficient sizethat the openin may be accurately made; and reduce the e ective openingto provide the desired passage area by inserting therein a rod which maybe easily and accurately made, and 'properly calibrated to give theproper net lnjection passage area.

Thus that portion of the rod member positioned in the opening of saidnozzle may very Y' nearly loccupy the nozzle opening in transversedimension, yet have a minute clearance therefrom, the clearanceprovidinga passageway 'defined by said parts and of endless linearsectional characteristic; that is, in section the effective passage willbe an endless line the transverse dimension of which may by properproportioning of the parts, be madelto approach zero substantially asclosely as desired. Y

The exact nature of my invention together with further objects andimprovements therein will be apparent from the following descriptiontaken dn connection with the accompanying drawings in which Fig. l is asectional view through an injection nozzle and its immediately adjacentparts constructed vaccordingJto my invention, the drawing being drawn toa scale much larger than the minimum size to which I have been able towork; Fig. 2 is a detail still further enlarged over the showing of Fig.1, of the combustion chamber yend of the same nozzle; and Fig. 3 isa'section as in the plane of line 3 3, Fig. 1, but correspondinglyenlarged.

1928. Serial No. 270,491.

With reference now to the drawings, 1 is a portion of the cylinder wallof a hydrocar- 1 bon motor designed forV operation on a solid fuelinjection cycle and havinga through opening to fit a cylindrical plugmember 2. The member 2 has a head portion-3, a taper portion 4 fitting ataper in the cylinder Wall, threads 5 fitting threads in the cylinderwall opening and a nozzle portion 6 closely fittingA the opening inthe-cylinder Walland-termi nating in a face 7 lying generally in thelane of the face 8 of the cylinder wall which orms one of the confinesof the combustion chamber of the engine. The member 2 is bored,counter-bored and internally threaded as indicated, the headend of themember being adapted to have connection as vby means of the bolt 9, witha fuel supply pipe 10.

The member 2 has for a greater part of its extremity a central bore 11of relatively large diameter but at its nozzle end is necked down as at12 and provided with a smaller opening 13 Veryaccurately drilled out tothe pro er diameter.` The proportions are prefera ly such that thelongitudinal dimension of the neck 12 is approximately that of thediameter of the bore 13,-since increasing this dimension undulyincreases tendency to clogA and diiculties of` alignment, and decreasingthis dimension makes the structure unduly subject to wear.

The member 2 has midway of its length threads 14, and itting therewithina plug 15 having a transverse slot 16 at its head end, an axial o ening17, and longitudinally extending mil ed slots 18 spaced about itsperiphery.

A rod 19 isprovided as indicated having a short bend 2() at its head endfitting the slot of the plug 15 and extending through the opening .13 ofthe nozzle. The rod 19 may be simply a piece of steel Wire but at leastthat portion thereof `extending through the opening 13'is quitecylindrical and very accurate as to dimension. For agiven diameter ofopening 13, therefore, by providing the proper diameter of rod insertedin the opening, a cylindrical annular nozzle passage of fvery accuratelydetermined passage area is produced, and it will be apparent that thepassage will be defined by the relation of the parts rather than bytheirabsolute dimensions and may, therefore, be

of endless linear sectional 4characteristic as vdescribed above. The rodmay beloose in the plug 15 as well as in the opening 13, and

the plug and rod are retained in the nozzle by the usual head 2l securedon the end of `the tube 10 and prevented from withdrawal by the nut 9.

Operation will be as follows. Fuel enter' ing the nozzle by way of thetube 10 may flow past the plug 15 by way of the grooves 18,

thence along the annular passage between the rod 19 and the bore 11 andto the opening 13.-

Upon the proper injection pressure this fuel will be violently injectedinto the combustion chamber by way of the annular passage within theneck 12, the -rod end automatically assuming under such conditions acentral position in the opening 13.

As has already been stated, by themeans described a very minuteinjection passage may be formed quite accurately, and as will be wellunderstood by one familiar with the art great' accuracy ofdimen'sion atthis point is necessary for efficient results.

What I claim is:

Fuel injection means of the'class described, v

comprising a plug member adapted for in- 'sertionin the combustionchamber wall of av hydrocarbon motor and having a through.

opening terminating in a nozzle portion, a plug-fitting 1n said openingand' havmg a lony gitudinal slot, a central opening and a transverseslot, and a rod member having a portion extending through said plugopening'and kvinto said transverse "slot, and having a-portion extendinginto said nozzle portion,

whereby a passage opening is. defined by the clearance between saidnozzleA portion and the rod portion therewithin, said rod is maintainedagainst rotation by engagement with said transverse slot, and passagewayis had along said longitudinal slot.

In testimony whereof I hereby atlix` my signature.

ALEXANDER WINTON.

